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Botanical name: Carya illinoinensis
The source of the tasty pecan, this is a massive tree that is primarily grown commercially for its delicious fruit or found in a native woodland setting, but can be used as a shade tree in large properties; somewhat difficult to transplant.
| Hardiness zone | 5a |
|---|---|
| Foliage type | deciduous * |
| Plant form | oval |
| Mature height | 80 feet |
| Spread | 60 feet |
| Light requirements | full sun to partial shade |
| Moisture requirements | dry to moist |
| Plant origin | Texas Native |
* deciduous = loses leaves in winter
Pecan has dark green foliage throughout the season. The large compound leaves turn an outstanding gold in the fall. The flowers are not ornamentally significant. It produces brown nuts in early fall. The fruit can be messy if allowed to drop on the lawn or walkways, and may require occasional clean-up. The shaggy dark brown bark adds an interesting dimension to the landscape.
This is a deciduous tree with a shapely oval form. Its average texture blends into the landscape, but can be balanced by one or two finer or coarser trees or shrubs for an effective composition. This is a high maintenance plant that will require regular care and upkeep, and is best pruned in late winter once the threat of extreme cold has passed. It is a good choice for attracting squirrels to your yard. Gardeners should be aware of the following characteristic(s) that may warrant special consideration;
Messy, Insects, Disease
Aside from its primary use as an edible, Pecan is sutiable for the following landscape applications;
Shade, Orchard/Edible Landscaping
Pecan is a large tree that is commonly grown for its edible qualities. It produces brown nuts which are usually ready for picking from early to mid fall. The nuts have a sweet taste and a crunchy texture.
The nuts are most often used in the following ways:
Fresh Eating, Baking
Pecan will grow to be about 80 feet tall at maturity, with a spread of 60 feet. It has a high canopy of foliage that sits well above the ground, and should not be planted underneath power lines. As it matures, the lower branches of this tree can be strategically removed to create a high enough canopy to support unobstructed human traffic underneath. It grows at a medium rate, and under ideal conditions can be expected to live to a ripe old age of 120 years or more; think of this as a heritage tree for future generations! While it is considered to be somewhat self-pollinating, it tends to set heavier quantities of fruit with a different variety of the same species growing nearby.
This tree is typically grown in a designated area of the yard because of its mature size and spread. It does best in full sun to partial shade. It is very adaptable to both dry and moist locations, and should do just fine under average home landscape conditions. It is not particular as to soil pH, but grows best in rich soils. It is somewhat tolerant of urban pollution. This species is native to parts of our region.
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